Envoi de Paris

1. NATtrol Influenza/RSV Negative Control (6 x 0.5 mL) NATCXVA9-6C
2. NATtrol Influenza Verification Panel (18 x 0.5 mL) NATFVP(XP)-C
3. NATtrol Influenza A/B Positive Control (6 x 0.5 mL) NATFLUA/B-6MC
4. NATtrol Influenza Negative Control (6 x 0.5 mL) NATCXVA9-6MC
5. NATtrol Influenza A H1N1 Positive Control (6 x 0.5 mL) NATFLUAH1N1-6MC
6. NATtrol Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2 Positive Control (6 x 0.5mL) NATFRC-6C
7. NATtrol Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2 Negative Control (6 x 0.5mL) NATCV9-6C

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a typical gastrointestinal disease worldwide that’s associated with impaired high quality of life and greater risk of issues.

The identification of risk factors is critical for preventive measures. The purpose of this research is to judge the prevalence of GERD symptoms in addition to its relation to physique mass index (BMI) and different risk factors among medical college students of Jeddah and Rabigh branches, King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia.A cross-sectional research was carried out on the Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia.

The research included 197 medical college students from Rabigh and Jeddah branches of the college. The research employed a Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire which is derived from a self-administered validated GERD questionnaire (GerdQ).

ResultsThe prevalence of GERD symptoms was 25.9%. The most frequent symptoms had been regurgitation and burning sensation. High BMI, household historical past, power drinks and fried meals had been discovered to be statistically important risk factors (p<0.05) by univariate evaluation.

However, the logistic regression for the prediction of GERD symptoms among medical college students confirmed that solely household historical past had a major correlation (p<0.05).GERD symptoms had been widespread in medical college students of King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.

Family historical past was discovered to be a major predictor of GERD symptoms. Effective instructional methods for teams with important risk factors of GERD should be applied.

Association between private, medical and constructive psychological variables with somatization in college well being sciences college students.

Objective: To measure private, medical and psychological constructive and destructive variables and to find out their relation with somatization in a pattern of well being sciences college students. 

Subjects and strategies: A complete of 594 (34.43%) of the 1725 well being science college students of a public college answered an internet survey with private and medical data in addition to the next psychological variables: phsychological well-being, 5 aspects mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ), life satisfaction, despair, and tutorial stress. Additionally, the presence of 11 somatic symptoms and 11 illnesses over the past yr was measured. 

Results: Most college students had been girls (74.06%) who had been 19.96 ± 4.28 years outdated. The world frequency of somatization within the earlier yr was 66.59%, and the presence of any measured disease 14.75%.

With the multivariate evaluation, self-acceptance was essentially the most associated variable (negatively) with somatization, adopted by the sum of illnesses, feminine gender, tutorial stress, smoking, and despair, in a mannequin with an R-value of 0.634, self-acceptance was additionally essentially the most associated variable (negatively) with despair, being this final essentially the most associated variable with tutorial stress. 

Conclusions: After analyzing all variables thought of on this research, self-acceptance was essentially the most associated variable with somatization and despair; this highlights the significance of strengthening the acceptance of the self within the scholar inhabitants with a view to forestall these circumstances and their penalties.

A descriptive monocentric study in Algeria of adults with cerebral venous thrombosis.

Patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) often present with slowly progressive symptoms, leading to delay in diagnosis. The aim of our single-center study was to highlight the clinical patterns and etiological features of CVT, and to show the impact of diagnostic delay on prognosis in Algerian adults.Retrospective and prospective data of patients with radiologically confirmed CVT were collected over a 10-year period at the neurovascular emergency unit of the Salim Zemirli hospital in Algiers. Manifestations were classified by clinical syndrome. All patients received immediate unfractionated heparin at a hypocoagulant dose. Systematic targeted etiological research for CVT was performed with identification of acquired and genetic risks.The study included 28 patients, median age 32 years. Median time to diagnosis was 11 days. The most common clinical features were headache (79%), focal neurological deficit (48%), seizures (33%), and mental status changes (26%). The superior sagittal and transverse sinuses were most commonly involved. Important predisposing factors included local infection (31%), puerperium (14%), oral contraceptive pill use (11%), Behçet disease (11%) and thrombophilia (18%). Short-term outcome was favorable in a majority of patients, but vision lost was noted in three because of delayed diagnosis.In a single center in Algiers, CVT occurred essentially in young women. Most patients presented acute intracranial hypertension with headache as the cardinal sign. The most common sites of thrombosis were the transverse and the superior sagittal sinuses. Predominantly, acquired causes were infection, puerperium and oral contraceptives. Protein S deficiency was notable. Outcome was favorable in most patients, without sequelae. The prognosis of CVT is decisively dependent on early diagnosis and immediate anticoagulant treatment with heparin.

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of wetland-derived Streptomyces sp. ActiF450.

The increased incidence of invasive infections and the emerging problem of drug resistance particularly for commonly used molecules have prompted investigations for new, safe and more effective microbial agents. Actinomycetes from unexplored habitats appear as a promising source for novel bioactive compounds with a broad range of biological activities. Thus, the present study aimed to isolate effective wetland-derived actinomycetes against major pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Water samples were collected from various locations of Fetzara Lake, Algeria. Thereafter, an actinomycete designated ActiF450 was isolated using starch-casein-agar medium. The antimicrobial potential of the newly isolated actinomycete was screened using the conventional agar cylinders method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) against various fungal and bacterial pathogens. A wetland-derived Streptomyces sp. Actif450 was identified as Streptomycesmalaysiensis based on its physiological properties, morphological characteristics, and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces sp. ActiF450 showed a potent and broad spectrum activity against a range of human fungal pathogens including moulds and yeasts, such as Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Candida albicans, C. glabarta, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Microsporum canis, Rhodotorula mucilaginous and Scodapulariopsis candida. In addition, high antibacterial activity was recorded against pathogenic staphylococci. The novel Streptomyces sp. ActiF450 may present a promising candidate for the production of new bioactive compounds with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Phenolic Compounds from An Algerian Endemic Species of Hypochaeris laevigata var. hipponensis and Investigation of Antioxidant Activities.

:Hypochaeris laevigata var. hipponensis (Asteraceae) is an endemic plant from Algeria. In the current study, we analyzed for the first time its chemical composition, especially phenolic constituents of dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA), and n-butanol (BuOH) fractionsof the aerial parts of Hypochaeris laevigata var. hipponensis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The number of phenolic compounds detected in DCM, EA, and BuOH fractions were found to be 9, 20, and 15, respectively. More specifically, 12 phenolic acids were detected. Among them, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid were the most abundant ones. Meanwhile, only seven flavonoids were detected. Among them, rutin, apigetrin, and isoquercitrin were the major ones. We also determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and fraction EA showed the highest values, followed by BuOH, and DCM fractions. Furthermore, the antioxidant action was dictated by five methods and the tested plant fractions demonstrated a noteworthy antioxidant action.

Association des marqueurs de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde chez les lupiques. S’agit-il d’un rhupus?

Anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide antibodies (ACPA) were initially considered very specific for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and can predict the prognosis of the disease. However, these antibodies can be detected in other autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the most common manifestation of which is inflammatory arthritis, which is often found in early-stage rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of ACPA antibodies and to analyze the profiles of their associations with autoantibodies specific to lupus, in order to look for a possible rhupus overlap syndrome in our patients. This is a retrospective study, carried out at the immunology unit, at Blida University Hospital, Algeria, involving 96 lupus patients, diagnosed according to the criteria of the American college of rheumatology (ACR). ACPA have been identified by the ELISA technique. ACPA was positive in 14,56% of our patients, whereas anti-DNA, anti-Sm and rheumatoid factor (RF) autoantibodies were positive, respectively in 47.09%, 35.41%, and in 26.04% of our patients. In addition, the presence of ACPA with anti DNA was found in 12.5% of patients. Of the 14 with ACPA+, 57.14% had arthritis. Our results confirm that ACPA auto-antibodies do not represent a pathognomonic criterion of RA. This sometimes makes the differential diagnosis with lupus difficult especially at the beginning of the disease.

Genetically “pure” Fasciola gigantica discovered in Algeria: DNA multimarker characterization, trans-Saharan introduction from a Sahel origin and spreading risk into northwestern Maghreb countries.

Fascioliasis is a freshwater snail-borne zoonotic helminth disease caused by two species of trematodes: Fasciola hepatica of almost worldwide distribution and the more pathogenic F. gigantica restricted to parts of Asia and most of Africa. Of high pathological impact in ruminants, it underlies large livestock husbandry losses. Fascioliasis is moreover of high public health importance and accordingly included within the main neglected tropical diseases by WHO. Additionally, this is an emerging disease due to influences of climate and global changes. In Africa, F. gigantica is distributed throughout almost the whole continent except in the northwestern Maghreb countries of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia where only F. hepatica is present. The present study concerns the DNA multimarker characterization of the first finding of F. gigantica in sheep in Algeria by the complete sequences of rDNA ITS-1 and ITS-2 and mtDNA cox1 and nad1 genes. Sequence comparisons and network analyses show sequence identities and similarities suggesting a South-North trans-Saharan geographical origin, with introduction from Ghana, through the Sahel countries of Burkina Faso and Mali into Algeria. This way perfectly fits with nomadic pastoralism according to interconnecting intranational and transborder herd transhumance routes traditionally followed in this western part of Africa from very long ago. The risk for further spread throughout the three northwestern Maghreb countries is multidisciplinarily analyzed, mainly considering the present extensive motorization of the intranational transhumance system in Algeria, the lymnaeid snail vector species present throughout the northwestern Maghreb, the increasing demand for animal products in the growing cities of northern Algeria, and the continued human infection reports. Control measures should assure making antifasciolid drugs available and affordable for herders from the beginning and along their transhumant routes, and include diffusion and rules within the regional regulatory framework about the need for herd treatments.

Seasonal variation of biomarker responses in Cantareus aspersus and physic-chemical properties of soils from Northeast Algeria.

This study belongs to the biomonitoring program of soil qualities using a land snail, Cantareus aspersus, as bioindicator. The metal-soil contamination in some sites (National Park of El Kala (NPK), El Bouni, Sidi Amar, Nechmaya, and Guelma) located in Northeast Algeria were determined during two seasons (winter and spring 2015, 2016). Glutathione (GSH) content and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were significantly decreased in snails collected during spring as compared with those noticed during winter under bioclimate change. In addition, a significant difference between various sites was observed, depending on the proximity to pollution sources. The significant variation of biomarker levels is a function of the physic-chemical properties of soils when they positively correlated with EC, H, and OM, and negatively correlated with all metallic elements. Moreover, Fe and Al2O3 are the most abundant in all the sites, and the most polluted site was found as that of El Bouni, followed by Sidi Amar, Nechmaya, and Guelma, since NPK is the less polluted site and considered a reference site. The tested biomarkers are sensitive oxidative parameters in snails exposed to pollution correlated significantly with the soil physic-chemical properties and metallic element contents in soil. Indeed, C. aspersus could be used as sentinel species in field monitoring of Mediterranean climate regions.

Occurrence of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria crassa (Sacc.) Rands on Jimson Weed and Potential Additional Host Plants in Algeria.

A leaf spot pathogen Alternaria sp. was recovered from jimson weed, tomato, parsley, and coriander collected during surveys of blight diseases on Solanaceae and Apiaceae in Algeria. This species produced large conidial body generating long apical beaks that tapered gradually from a wide base to a narrow tip and short conidiophores originating directly from the agar surface. This species exhibited morphological traits similar to that reported for Alternaria crassa. The identification of seven strains from different hosts was confirmed by sequence analyses at the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, RNA polymerase second largest subunit, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha loci. Further the pathogen was evaluated on jimson weed, coriander, parsley, and tomato plants, and this fungus was able to cause necrotic lesions on all inoculated plants. A. crassa is reported for the first time as a new species of the Algerian mycoflora and as a new potential pathogen for cultivated hosts.

Unsuspected intraspecific variability in the toxin production, growth and morphology of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum Litaker sp. nov (Group IV) blooming in a South Western Mediterranean marine ecosystem, Annaba Bay (Algeria).

Physiological plasticity gives HABs species the ability to respond to variations in the surrounding environment. The aim of this study was to examine morphological and physiological variability in Alexandrium pacificum Litaker sp. nov (Group IV) (former Alexandrium catenella) blooming in Annaba bay, Algeria. Monoclonal cultures of up to 30 strains of this neurotoxic dinoflagellate were established by the germination of single resting cysts from the surface sediment of this southern Mediterranean marine ecosystem. Ribotyping confirmed formally for the first time that A. pacificum is developing in Eastern Algerian waters. Toxin analyses of A. pacificum strains revealed substantial intraspecific variability in both the profile and toxin amount. However, the toxin profile of most strains is characterized by the dominance of GTX6 (up to 96 mol %) which is the less toxic paralytic molecule. The toxin concentrations in the isolated strains varied widely between 3.8 and 30.82 fmol cell-1. We observed an important variation in the growth rate of the studied A. pacificum strains with values ranging from 0.05 to 0.33 d-1. The lag time of the studied strains varied widely and ranged from 4 to 20 days. The intraspecific diversity could be a response to the selection pressure which may be exerted by different environmental conditions over time and which can be genetically and in turn physiologically expressed. This study highlights, for the first time, that the sediment of a limited area holds an important diversity of A. pacificum cysts which give when germinate populations with noticeable physiological plasticity. Consequently, this diversified natural populations allow an exceptional adaptation to specific environmental conditions to outcompete local microalgae and to establish HABs which could explain why this dinoflagellate is successful and expanding worldwide.

Prévalences et facteurs associés à un risque augmenté ou diminué d’exposition à Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia abortus et Toxoplasma gondii chez la vache laitière ayant avorté en Algérie.

In Algeria, the prevalence of causes of abortion on dairy cattle farms (whether infectious causes or not) has been little studied. The current study involved a serological analysis conducted between October 2014 and June 2016 in northern Algeria using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test on blood samples taken from 368 cows that had aborted on 124 farms. It was complemented by a survey to identify the factors associated with a higher or lower risk of exposure to Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia abortus and Toxoplasma gondii, using univariate logistic regression and then multivariate logistic regression. The individual serological prevalences obtained were 8.4% (31/368) for C. burnetii and 12.2% (45/368) for C. abortus. For T. gondii, the individual seroprevalence was 13.8% (51/368); the factors associated with a higher risk of individual exposure were the fourth month of gestation (odds ratio [OR] = 22.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38-392.97) and the fifth month of gestation (OR = 25.51; 95% CI: 1.47-442.11). All the other factors identified by the multivariate logistic regression were associated with a lower risk of exposure. They are the inspection visits in 2015 (OR = 0.0006; 95% CI: 0.000004-0.12) and in 2016 (OR = 0.0005; 95% CI: 0.000002-0.13) and artificial insemination (OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.05-0.44) for C. burnetii ; winter (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15-1.00), spring (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.20-0.97), and artificial insemination (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.13-0.56) for C. abortus; and the number of gestations (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16-0.92) for T. gondii. The seroprevalence at herd level was 16.1% (20/124) for C. burnetii and 29.8% (37/124) for both C. abortus and T. gondii. At herd level, the risk factors associated with a higher risk of exposure to C. abortus and T. gondii were the practice of deworming (OR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.53-9.89) and drilling individual wells as a source of drinking water (OR = 7.50; 95% CI: 2.11-26.69). For C. burnetii, the inspection visit in 2015 (OR = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.0008-0.65) and in 2016 (OR = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.0003-0.36), artificial insemination (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06-0.69) and rodent eradication (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06-0.57) were factors that reduced the risk of exposure.